生态化综合农业技术创新的特征与途径

新农村建设是一项复杂的系统工程。涉及到农业、农村和农民问题的综合解决。以往农业发展中注重技术创新的经济目标的局限性及由此带来的发展与环境的矛盾、经济增长与社会福利失衡的矛盾等是制约“三农”问题解决的瓶颈。因此根据生态科学和生态哲学倡导的整体性、持续性、创造性与和谐性的原则。探索有效的政策制度创新、科学技术创新、工程管理创新、教育体系创新的综合集成。成为新农村建设走向可持续发展的必经之路。     

农业竞争力的测度与提高——以六安市为例

结合安徽省的实际,从农业生产的规模、效益、结构、现代化、成长性及生态等6个方面,选择了26个指标对安徽省六安市农业竞争力进行了实证分析和综合评价;提出提升六安市农业竞争力的主要措施和建议。     

重庆市特色农产品物流运输需求研究

分析了重庆特色农产品产销与运输现状。运用现代物流运输知识，提出了农产品物流运输需求特征及发展农产品物流运输的前景，供物流运输企业参考。     

论农业结构调整的生态基础

我国目前进行的新一轮农业结构调整，无论从形式、内容，还是手段、目标上都与以往有很大 的不同。从农业生产的本质特征出发，农业结构的调整应该在农业系统运作的规律范围内进行。在目前我国农业生态系统已经遭受破坏的状况下，农业结构调整的一项重大任务就是按照自然规律，重新整合农业生态系统，从而恢复系统内部被人为破坏的种种秩序。     

Does Increased Extraction of Natural Gas Reduce Carbon Emissions?

Without an international climate agreement, extraction of more natural gas could reduce emissions of CO₂ as more clean natural gas may drive out dirty coal and oil. Using a computable equilibrium model for the Western European electricity and natural gas markets, we examine whether increased extraction of natural gas in Norway reduces global emissions of CO₂. We find that both in the short run and in the long run total emissions are reduced if the additional quantity of natural gas is used in gas power production in Norway. If instead the additional quantity is exported directly, total emissions increase both in the short run and in the long run. However, if modest CO₂-taxes are imposed, increased extraction of natural gas will reduce CO₂ emissions also when the additional natural gas is exported directed.earlier version of this paper was presented at the 25th Annual IAEE International Conference in Aberdeen June 2002.     

农地利用技术创新的类型与模式研究

农地利用技术是一个多层次的体系，它能在扩大耕地面积、提高土地利用率和耕地质量等多方面发挥重要作用。通过对“市场机制自发作用下的技术选择”和“政府引导下的技术选择”两种现实模式的探讨，认为技术创新具有外部性，土地利用更是具有明显的“外溢效应”，加上我国农业比较利益偏低和农地使用权流转市场发育不全带来的农地价格扭曲，常造成市场机制下技术创新的方向与资源稀缺状况不相符合的现象，从而带来资源配置的低效率。因此，适当的政府引导是必要的，也是有效的。     

Distribution Dynamics of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Emissions

This paper uses nonparametric methods to examine the convergence in CO₂ emissions per capita on a sample of 100 countries for the period 1966–1996. Industrial countries show a convergence pattern. However, there is little evidence of convergence for the whole sample.     

Bioenergy Crop Production in the United States: Potential Quantities, Land Use Changes, and Economic Impacts on the Agricultural Sector

The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Energyjointly analyzed the economic potential for,and impacts of, large-scale bioenergy cropproduction in the United States. Anagricultural sector model (POLYSYS) wasmodified to include three potential bioenergycrops (switchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willow). At farmgate prices of US $2.44/GJ, anestimated 17 million hectares of bioenergycrops, annually yielding 171 million dry Mg ofbiomass, could potentially be produced at aprofit greater than existing agricultural usesfor the land. The estimate assumes highproductivity management practices are permittedon Conservation Reserve Program lands. Traditional crops prices are estimated toincrease 9 to 14 percent above baseline pricesand farm income increases annually by US $6.0billion above baseline.At farmgate prices of US $1.83/GJ, anestimated 7.9 million hectares of bioenergycrops, annually yielding 55 million dry Mg ofbiomass, could potentially be produced at aprofit greater than existing agricultural usesfor the land. The estimate assumes managementpractices intended to achieve highenvironmental benefits on Conservation ReserveProgram lands. Traditional crops prices areestimated to increase 4 to 9 percent abovebaseline prices and farm income increasesannually by US $2.8 billion above baseline.     

工业共生效益分析——以九发工业园为例

本文在深入阐述工业共生及其效益的基础上,以九发工业园为例,详细分析了涉农企业发展生态工业园带来的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益,指出涉农企业应立足农业特点,借鉴工业生态学原理,积极构建农工商结合的生态产业体系。